The NOA-16-Trial investigated the safety and immunogenicity of a mutation-specific IDH1 peptide vaccine in combination with primary radiotherapy, primary chemotherapy with temozolomide or primary combined radiochemotherapy with temozolomide in patients with grade 3 or grade 4 gliomas with IDH1-R132H mutation, without 1p/19q co-deletion and with loss of ATRX expression in a multicenter open-label phase 1 design.